Euphorbia veneris

Γαλόχορτον, Ευφορβία της αφροδίτης

Etymology of Euphorbia veneris

The genus was named for "Euphorbus", a Greek physician to Juba II - King of Mauretania of Numibia. In 12 BC, Juba named a species of this genus after his physician. Euphorbus's name derives from "εὖ" [ev], meaning "good, correctly" and "φορβή" [forvi], meaning "food", thus giving the meaning somehow "provides a good meal from consumption". Euphorbus name's etymology has probably nothing to do with the naming of that Euphorbia species as the genus's plants are poisonous and non-edible. In 1753, Carolus Linnaeus, the great taxonomist, assigned the name Euphorbia, to the entire genus. The epithet "veneris" is a tribute to the Cypriot ancient goddess Venus (or Aphrodite), because the species is endemic to Cyprus.

General Overview

Euphorbia veneris, also known as Aphrodite's Spurge or Veneris spurge, is a plant species belonging to the diverse Euphorbiaceae family. It is a perennial plant and is notable for being endemic to Cyprus, meaning it is found naturally only on the island. This species showcases the unique flora and ecological adaptations of plants in its native environment.

Characteristics of Euphorbia veneris

Euphorbia veneris typically grows as a succulent herb or a small shrub. Its leaves are usually lance-shaped to oval and can have a smooth or slightly textured surface. The coloration is generally green, but some varieties may exhibit a bluish tint. A key characteristic of plants in the Euphorbia genus is their thickened stem, which is adapted for water storage, allowing them to thrive in arid conditions. The plant's flowers are small and clustered in specialized structures called cyathia, which are often yellow to greenish in color. After pollination, the plant produces a capsule-like fruit containing several seeds.

Like many other species in the Euphorbia genus, E. veneris contains a milky latex sap. This sap can be an irritant to the skin and eyes, so caution should be exercised when handling the plant.

Habitat and Distribution of Euphorbia veneris

Euphorbia veneris is a rare plant in Cyprus, primarily found in the central mountainous part of the island, specifically the Troodos Mountains. It grows at altitudes ranging from 700 to 1700 meters and prefers dry, rocky slopes and roadsides. It is adapted to withstand drought conditions, and can even be found in snowy conditions during the winter months at higher elevations. Its flowering period is between February and June.